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How the West is helping Russia to fund its war on Ukraine

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Oil and gas account for almost a third of Russia 's state revenue and more than 60% of its exports.

Russia has made more than 883bn ($ 973bn ; 740bn ) in revenue from fossil fuel exports since the start of the full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 .

Campaigners say governments in Europe and North America need to do more to stop Russian oil and gas fuelling the war.

Former Russian deputy energy minister Vladimir Milov says sanctions imposed on trade in Russian hydrocarbons should be better enforced.

Milov is fearful that the US government shake-up launched by President Donald Trump will hamper agencies such as the US Treasury or the Office of Foreign Assets Control .

Another avenue is continued pressure on Russia 's "shadow fleet" of tankers involved in dodging the sanctions.